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There is also a formal, technical
definition that is recognized by
ASTM International (known formerly as the American
Society for Testing and Materials), the organization
responsible for providing industry standards. According
to the
National Biodiesel Board (NBB), the technical
definition of biodiesel is as follows:
Biodiesel is defined as the mono alkyl esters of long
chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal
fats, for use in compression-ignition (diesel) engines.
This specification is for pure (100%) biodiesel prior to
use or blending with diesel fuel. #
The full detailed requirements to meet ASTM D6751 are
below…
| Property |
ASTM Method |
Limits |
Units |
| Calcium and Magnesium |
EN 14538 |
5 max, combined |
ppm |
| Flash Point (closed cup) |
D93 |
93 min. |
Degrees C |
| 1. Methanol Content |
EN141110 |
.2 maximum |
% volume |
| 2. Flash Point |
D93 |
130 minimum |
Degrees C |
| Water & Sediment |
D2709 |
0.050 max. |
% vol. |
| Kinematic Viscosity, 40 C |
D445 |
1.9 - 6.0 |
mm2/sec. |
| Sulfated Ash |
D874 |
0.020 max. |
% mass |
| Sulfur (S 15 Grade) |
D5453 |
.0015 max. |
ppm |
| Sulfur ( S 500 Grade) |
D5453 |
.05 max |
ppm |
| Copper Strip Corrosion |
D130 |
No. 3 max. |
|
| Cetane |
D613 |
47 min. |
|
| Cloud Point |
D2500 |
Report |
Degrees C |
| Carbon Residue 100% sample |
D4530* |
0.050 max. |
% mass |
| Cold Soak |
D664 |
0.50 max. |
mg KOH/gm |
| Free Glycerin |
D6584 |
0.020 max. |
% mass |
| Total Glycerin |
D6584 |
0.240 max. |
% mass |
| Phosphorus Content |
D4951 |
0.001 max. |
% mass |
| Distillation Temp, Atmospheric Equivalent
Temperature, 90% Recovered |
D1160 |
360 max. |
Degrees C |
| Sodium/Potassium |
EN 14538 |
5 max, combined |
ppm |
| Oxidation Stability |
EN 14112 |
3 min. |
hours |
| Cold Soak Filtration |
Annex to D6751 |
360 maximum |
seconds |
For use in temperatures
below -12C |
Annex to D6751 |
200 maximum |
seconds |
BOLD = BQ-9000 Critical Specification Testing
Once Production Process Under Control
* The carbon residue shall be
run on the 100% sample.
# A considerable amount of experience exists in the US
with a 20% blend of biodiesel with 80% diesel fuel
(B20). Although biodiesel (B100) can be used, blends of
over 20% biodiesel with diesel fuel should be evaluated
on a case-by-case basis until further experience is
available. |
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